Separation of Church and State Essay examples - 2383 Words

Introduction The fusion or separation of church (or in greater sense, religion) from the affairs of the state (nation) is an issue whose relative importance in any society cannot be overemphasized. This stems from the impact of having state affairs directly influenced by religious beliefs and practices in the case of the fusion of the state and religion. Better still the separation of the state from the clutches of religious beliefs has the propensity to significantly affect way of life as well as the rate of development in a society. In my opinion however, I sincerely believe that the church (by extension, religion) should be separated from the secular state. This is especially important in heterogeneous societies where citizens†¦show more content†¦It is not surprising that after the break-away that followed the reformation movement, the Roman Catholic Church never fully recovered it preeminent position as the fulcrum of state authority in Europe. The attendant effects of Martin Luther’s reformation in the early period of the sixteenth century occasioned by his posting of the 95 theses that raised objections to some of the then prevalent practices of the Roman Catholic Church eventually led to a significant breakaway from the church of a relatively more liberal Christian sect known as the â€Å"Protestant†. It is worthy of note however that the Roman Catholic Church tried albeit unsuccessfully to placate the breakaway by instituting a â€Å"counter-Reformation† but this only achieved a cleansing of the church internally without achieving much in its most important mandate to prevent the protestant breakaway. Consequently, Europe was enmeshed in bloody religious war largely between forces loyal to the papacy in Rome and those who sympathized with the runaway protestant movement. As a result, the Roman Catholic Church invariably began to lose its pole position in the scheme of things in an already divided Eu rope. As observed in the text, The Western Humanities: the Renaissance to the present, â€Å"By the time Europe had recovered from the first waves of religious wars in 1600, a new system of sovereign states had replaced the old dream of a united Christendom (DeShow MoreRelatedSeparation Of Church And State1446 Words   |  6 Pagesthe separation of church and state still necessary in the overall legal and social aspects of a modern society such as the United States? Research and history show that maintaining the church separate from the government is important for the ongoing success of a free and well functioning society. Separation of church and state is a political and legal doctrine which states that government and religious institutions are to be kept separate and independent from one another. Ideally, the church shouldRead MoreSeparation Of Church And State Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesSeparation of church and state is a defined as, the understanding of the intent, and function of the Establishment Clause, and Free Exercise Clause. The Combination of church and state has been a topic that, many generations have struggled with for centuries. The first amendment of the constitution states that â€Å"Congress shall make no law about our religious beliefs, or prohibiting our free exercise of religion† If we put our faith in the constitution to define the founding father’s standpoint ofRead MoreThe Separation Of Church And State902 Words   |  4 PagesA Closer look at the Separation of Church and State in the United States Although â€Å"God† is mentioned in the Constitution, this country was built upon the principle of separation of church and state. Despite this ideal, those elected into office: propose, pass, and deny laws based on their religious beliefs, completely disregarding the previously mentioned principle. The problem with that is that the country is so ethnically and culturally diverse that one religion representing an entire nation ofRead MoreThe separation of church and state1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe separation of church and state has been a long debated topic in the history of America. Although founded upon Christian ideals, the framers of the Constitution explicitly outlined the government to function secularly, in what is commonly referred to as the â€Å"Establishment Clause†. When interpreting the Constitution in regards to religion, there are two primary philosophies. The first philosophy this paper will explore will be referred to as Positive Toleration. In gen eral, the idea of positiveRead MoreSeparation of Church and State701 Words   |  3 PagesSeparation of Church and State To understand Locke’s argument for the separation of church and state you first need to understand what the purpose of the government is. Locke stated that the government is supposed to support civil interest. These civil interests include property, life, and security. Therefore the government’s job is to protect the civil interests of the people using force lawfully. Once Locke institutes the power of the government he develops three important assumptions vitalRead MoreSeparation Of Church And State1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe separation of church and state has been encountered and challenged several times in the Supreme Court, which was first mentioned by Thomas Jefferson. However it is not solidly stated in the Constitution on what is right or wrong and good or bad. This theory was modified from various elements from the Constitution essentially the first and fourteenth amendments. In the first amendment it is written Congress shall make no law respecting an esta blishment of religion or prohibiting the free exerciseRead MoreThe Separation Of Church And State1632 Words   |  7 Pages We are currently living in a time where freedom of religion is guaranteed in the United States. It has been since the first amendment of the Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1791. The first amendment prohibits the making of any law respecting the establishment of religion or impeding the free exercise of religion ( (Rotunda, 2004). This amendment established the separation of church and government that our country was founded on and still practices today. We as Americans are freeRead MoreSeparation Of Church And State1825 Words   |  8 PagesSeparation of church and state refers to the division of the relationship between religion and government. Various laws apply to different countries around the world about the separation of church and state. Some involve religion so much into their daily lives; it controls how their country is run. In other places, where it is not mandated as much, it becomes a problem in disputing what is and what is not right. The United States of America faces this issue as they struggle deciding what the meaningRead MoreThe Separation Of Church And State1594 Words   |  7 Pagesdirection and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, and inhabitants of communities, societies, and states. While documents have been written to help the leaders of our country, there is constant debate over what changes need to be made. Some believe that the country is falling apart while others think minor adjustments need to be made. The separation of church and state is also a topic of debate. The question of what needs to be changed and where religion falls in all of this are alwaysRead MoreThe Separation Of Church And State Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe separation between church and state is a debate that continues to grow with tension as the culture of America rapidly polarizes. A long-standing claim that America was founded on Christian doctrine is a common argument in favor of the church and state to remain tog ether, yet the most commonly used metaphor explaining what the â€Å"Separation of Church and State† contextually means in today’s terms is simply that government and religion should not coincide with one another in any capacity. Evidence

Personality In Edgar Allan Poes The Cask Of Amontillado

In paragraphs 1 through 23 of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† Edgar Allan Poe takes the reader on a riveting mind game. As the reader reads the reader slowly realizes that the narrator is both an astute observer of his fellow humans and a frightening psychopath and he does this through steps and slowly letting the reader into the narrator’s mind. Early in the tale Montresor, the narrator, opens the story by stating that he has been irreparably insulted by his acquaintance, Fortunato, and that he seeks revenge. The reader at this point doesn’t know or understand the malicious intent that Montresor has. The narrator speaks on the wrong doing and how Fortunato â€Å"ventured upon insult†. He speaks wants to exact this revenge, however, in a†¦show more content†¦During the conversation, Montresor flattered him by obsequiously asking his opinion on a newly acquired cask of Amontillado. He tantalized Fortunato with the rare liquor, even pretending that h is vaults where the wine was stored had too much dampness and nitre for Fortunatos affliction. He knew that Fortunato would be determined to taste the wine and insisted on being taken to Montresors home. Furthering his demented plan he even plays Fortunato’s own ego against him by suggesting that another man would tell him what he wanted to know, knowing this would only make him want to taste the sherry even more. With this in mind, he sets the trap for Fortunato. He gives Fortunato numerous opportunities to back out, using the tricks of classic conmen by playing on Fortunatos greed and pride. Fortunato insists so Montresor complied while wrapping himself in a cloak to make sure that he would not be recognized. Earlier, he had told all of the servants that he would not be returning for the night and to â€Å"not stir from the house† this â€Å"[insured] their immediate disappearance, one and all, as soon as my back was turned†. Montresor used the excuse of the carnival; in this way, he would avoid arousing Fortunatos suspicions and would also prevent anyone from witnessing the atrocity he planned to commit. Apparently, Montresor had been planning this revenge for a long time and, ironically, had chosen carnival time asShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poe s The Cask Of Amontillado1232 Words   |  5 PagesPoe’s Irony To develop the analytical paper about the text â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe, some sources will be used to support the thesis statement, which is â€Å"The author uses irony in the text to illustrate the murder of Fortunado by Montresor, who seeks salvation through death†. Also, there is going to be an analysis on the irony found in the text in relation with the story. To support this thesis, I am going to use some examples from some sources such as â€Å"Literary analysis: IronyRead MoreThemes in the Writing of Edgar Allan Poe that Mirror his Personal Life1379 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will discuss the themes in Poe’s writing that mirror his personal life and, in addition, the fear and supernatural motivators for his characters. First, I will discuss Poe’s background and explore how he became best known as a poet for his tales of mystery and macabre. In retrospect he was born January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts. His father an actor abandoned the family when he was one years old and his mother an actress died of tuberculosis when 2 yrs old. His foster parentsRead More Edgar Allan Poes, The Cask of Amontillado as a Description of Poes Life791 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poes, The Cask of Amontillado as a Description of Poes Life The cast of Amontillado was written by Allan Poe at a time when he felt he was being unjustly attacked. Most critics believe that the cask of Amontillado was written by Poe against his critics in the Mirror. I believe the cask of Amontillado is a story of Revenge and Hatred against some friends whom be believed had wrongfully accused him. A review of Allan Poe as a person and his experiences in life is essential a clearRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes The Cask of the Amontillado Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesSomething Unexpected Poe has written a several different stories relating to being buried alive, â€Å"The Premature Burial† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† being the most popular. Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"was one of the seminal American poets and short story writers of the nineteenth century† he was an influencer for writers like Charles Baudelaire and Jules Verne. Poe lost both of his parents as a child and was raised with a foster family and lost his foster mom early, too. He lost many of his loved onesRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado, The Raven And The Tell Tale Heart1613 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe uses concrete language and physical description to cast certain emotions to his audience. Within his descriptions, he perfectly picks words to strike horror and dread. Through his writing, Poe has become one who will never be forgotten. He will always be remembered as one of the pivotal writers in the romantic period of writing. In his works â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado †, â€Å"The Raven†, and â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, he strategically describes people, events, and places for his readers to feelRead MoreThe Father Of American Detective1923 Words   |  8 PagesShort Story-Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe is far more than a poet and short story writer of the early 19th century. Poe is, in many ways, the most crucial writer of the period. The inventor of the detective story, and the creator of Gothic horror stories. He continues to capture the imagination and inspire literature more than one hundred and fifty years after his death. In examining his life, the critical reaction to his work, and his short story masterpiece â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† it has beenRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe836 Words   |  3 Pagesqualities in the story. In the story many things are used as symbols such as the actual cask of amontillado, the trowel, the jester costume and the setting in which there is two in the story. Another literary technique used significantly in the story is irony. Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite. In the short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† Montresor a very troubled man who plans to seek revenge on another man named FortunatoRead More Big Heads and Short Tempers: Edgar Allan Poe in Context Essay2064 Words   |  9 PagesEdgar Allan Poe was the epitome of a tormented genius. He possessed uncontrollable and self-inflicted internal problems. In addition, Poe was plagued by external difficulties—some preventable, some not. Most doctors today would pronounce Poe to be bipolar, chronically depressed, and perhaps even OCD. Most people today, and any day, would declare Poe to be self-obsessed and arrogant, or—at the least—snobbish. His personal life would also be considered less than ideal, though how much he was personallyRead MoreHumorous Humor Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Dark Hearted 1675 Words   |  7 PagesPoe: Lighthearted Humor in a Darkened Heart Edgar Allan Poe, the dark hearted author! When speaking of Poe, readers would most likely associate him as a dark and dreary author. His uses of vivid, shadowy imagery and themes of death and despair lurk within the minds of his audiences. Poe, however, subtly injects his works with humor that may not easily be spotted by the human eye. Why exactly would Poe inject humor into his horror stories, since they aren’t comedies? To begin, the use of humor inRead MoreThe Two Personalities of Edgar Allan Poe800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Two Personalities of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most famous writers in the American literary world. His stories and poems are known for their gothic style and having the common theme of death. This is certainly seen in his short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado.† It is speculated by many that Poe suffered from the mental illness known as bipolar disorder. In a letter to James Russell Lowell, Poe said, â€Å"I am excessively slothful, and wonderfully industrious — by fits. There are

Organizational Inducements and Psychologicalâ€MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Inducements and Psychological Resilience. Answer: Introduction The following report is based on organizational behavior. It is observed that organizational behavior is related to different aspects of the business. As the industries have become competitive, the organizations have to focus on dynamics of the environment, as the competition come from the industry dynamics. An organizational environment is built of different aspects such as human resource, employee performance, productivity and many more. As put forward by Uddin, Luva and Hossain (2012), organizational behavior is the activity of both group as well as individual performance within the organization. In this context, Sageer, Rafat and Agarwal (2012) also commented that organizational behavior is also related to the human behavior in organizational setting, the interface between human behavior and the organization. These aspects have strong impact on the organizational productivity, employee performance and business growth. However, to learn how organizational behavior does influence t he productivity and operation, three separated journals on organizational behavior have been selected. The similarities and dissimilarities of these three articles have been discussed in the report. Based on the findings, integrated interpretation has been provided in the report. The first article is about the relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change This study has been conducted considering the telecommunication sector in Bangladesh. Another article is about the identification of variables affecting employee satisfaction and its impact on the organization. Likewise, the last article is about whether commitment based resource practices influence job embeddedness as well as intention to leave. Each of the articles has provided different outcomes related to organizational productivity, employee satisfaction and human resource Management. Similarities among the three articles Theoretical perspective of the first article- As this article is about relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change. It is observed that employees while working in the midst of organizational change observe inherent stress as well as strain. It is significant that change executors understand the crucial role that major resources play in enabling individuals to deal with these challenges and stresses. It makes the employees highly committed to, and behaviorally engaged in, change implementation. The theory of conversion resource provides conceptual description of the role that resource play in collaborating individuals reaction to organizational change. As mentioned by Shin, Taylor and Seo 2012), the employees tend to consider the world as naturally threatening as well as demanding; thus, they carry a wide set of individual strength as well as social attachment to survive. To respond to the changing environment, the individuals attempt to obtain, retain as well as promote valued entities. Theoretical perspective of second article-This article is about the impact of human resource on organizational outcome. Observation of the relationship between HRM as well as organizational result remains as one of the long-standing goals of macro Human Resource Management studies. Jiang et al. (2012) considered the organizational outcome is considered as multi-dimensional. Based on the theoretical perspectives, it can also be added that strategic human resources management have several categories such as HR outcome, the outcome of operation as well as the financial outcome. Theoretical perspective of third article- This article is about the impact of high performance HRM practices on Employee Attitudes and behaviour. Based on the theoretical perspective of the article, it can be added that rational procedure of mutually reinforcing HR practices probably to develop the support and sustainable performance result than any other individual practices. In addition, theoretical background also helps to learn that not all HR practices remain as equally effective. Even though, some particular HRM practise involved high-performance, the HR systems differed across studies. This article also discusses about the employee commitment, which is a major key world of second article. Theatrical background All of the three articles include discussion about the relationship between the human resource Management and the organizational outcome, which in turn influence the employee performance. The methods of first article-This article include a longitudinal survey design implemented with a particular sample of employees as well as the managers from an Information Technology company in located South Korea. The study sample involves 344 employees and 48 managers of the company who work in a 16 different divisions. Methods of second article- To conduct the study, the authors have examined the mediating hypotheses using a meta-analytic structural equation modelling. The authors have used PsycINFO and Quest Digital Dissertation data set. Methods of third article:- To gain the research result, the study includes a primary analysis. In order to collect the primary data, employees of a food service organization have been involved in the survey. The directors were also involved to administer the survey to randomly chosen group of 20% of the employees in the overall unit. Research result and interpretation of first article- The result of first article is based on the impact of organizational inducements as well as psychological resilience, which includes both affective and normative commitment. Likewise, the hypothesis helps to learn that the positive effect could mediate the relationship between organizational inducement and employees normative and affective commitment. Research result and interpretation of second article- Based on the meta-analytic review, it is found that three dimension of HR systems have different relationship along with employee motivation and human capital. These are largely related to the operational result as well as voluntary turnover. The study also discovered a direct relationship between skill-enhanced HR practices, financial outcome as well as motivation-enhanced HR practices. Research result and interpretation of third article- The research results supports authors prediction that employees collective perception of high performance HR practices are related to organizational citizenship behaviour, affective commitment as well as intention to stay in the organization. In addition, it is negatively related to absenteeism. Differences among the three articles- Theoretical perspective- Because of the subjective nature of culture, it can be difficult to define the specification of organizational culture. Even though no theory has been accepted, a genera consent comes regarding organizational inducements and Resources influence employees commitment comes into the consideration. The theoretical perspective of the article is different from others two articles. This theoretical background of this article does not cover perception of high performance and commitment, which are the central idea of second article. Theoretical perspective of second article-This article only focussed on the HRM as well as organizational outcome. The critical discussion of the article only highlights relationship between the organizational outcome and HRM practices. This study emphasizes on the fact that different HR practices should be applied to achieve the organizational goals. The organizational culture does not consist of one single entity of human resource Management. Theoretical perspective of third article- Even though, the perspective of human resource and organizational productivity differ in this article, the theoretical discussion has mentioned that if the employees are satisfied with the organizational benefits, the organisational productivity could be positively influenced. Thus, perspectives help to learn that organizational productivity and efficiency can be achieved through employee satisfaction and focus to employees emotional and physical needs. Even though the critical discussion of three articles have used same or equivalent key words, but emphasis one each key word is different in each article. The major focus of first article is on the organizational encouragement and psychological resilience to employees behaviour but it partially focuses on the employee commitment that is influenced by human resource management practices. The methods of first article: -Unlike other article, this article has used a broad sample to conduct the longitudinal survey. The sample included 344 employees and 48 managers, whereas the second article has only used the secondary method. The methods of second article:- Unlike the first article, this study is based on the secondary analysis. For HRM, the study has used some particular key words such as high work performance, high involvement work practice and high commitment work practices. The methods of third article- The method of this article is little different from other two articles. The study includes a primary analysis engaging 20% of employees of the company who work in 56 self-contained business units. Differences in research result and interpretation of first article: The result of the study confirm that different attribute of organizational culture has different impact on the overall operation. However, unlike the second article it does not focus on the impact of any particular attribute. Nevertheless, it shows the relationship between the cultural and performance. Differences in research result and interpretation of second article: This study has only derived the outcome of commitment based human resource management, on the job embeddedness, and off the job embeddedness. However, this study does not focus on other attribute of organizational culture. Differences in research result and interpretation of third article: This article has developed the outcome regarding different variables that have strong impact on the employee satisfaction. The result of the study indicates that employee satisfaction could largely influence the organizational productivity. Nevertheless, no result related to HRM practice and organizational culture has been found. Based on the methodology, theoretical perspectives and result, it can mentioned that none of the study has been competitive. Even though articles have included a primary analysis but articles have only conducted the survey and interview respectively. Although, the first article has conducted the interview among different level of employees but it did not include a secondary analysis or competitive analysis considering two organizations. The third article only includes a primary analysis and it does not focus on any particular context or organization. The first article has only included IT company of South Korea but the result of the analysis would have been more intensive if a comparative study was conducted. In addition, the authors of the first article should have focused on another organization from the same industry or different industry. The findings of the study would differ if the organizations were taken from different industry. In addition to this, the second article only fo cuses on the variables of commitment based human resource practices. As the outcome is related to employee satisfaction, skills and talents, recruitment and selection procedures should have been added in the article. Likewise, the last article provides the general discussion of employee satisfaction and productivity. The effectiveness of this study can be increased conducting an empirical analysis. Integration of the information contained in the three articles- The findings and result of three articles are based on three different contexts. The first paper has discussed about different cultural aspects of the organization and demonstrated the significant relationship between the organizational culture and performance. Hence, the authors linked the organizational performance to employee performance. This means organizational productivity is directly depended on the performance of the employees. This finding is related to third article, where organizational productivity has been linked with the performance of the employees. Thus, to increase the organizational performance, employee emotional and physical needs have been considered as the significant factors. However, the employee emotional and physical needs are again is related to the commitment based on human resource management practice. In the third article, the effectiveness of employee commitment has been discussed focusing on employee basic needs such as wages, bonus, career developmen t opportunities and other intangible benefits. However, Kehoe and Wright (2013) commented that organization provides the benefits to employees based on their reinforcement of commitment. This means the commitment based HRM practices facilitate in developing the fit dimension of the job embeddedness by choosing people who effectively fit with the organizations instead of the particular job requirement. The integrated interpretation of the three articles increases the effectiveness of the discussion. The integrated interpretation includes the idea of conducting a competitive analysis considering two different organizations from different industries. To gain the intensive outcome from the interpretation, both qualitative and quantitative approaches of data collection need to be added. Both the managers and the employees of each department of both organizations should be surveyed and interviewed to derive the factual data on organizational productivity and employee performance. Likewise, the study should include a secondary analysis considering a number of existing journals on employee commitment, performance and organizational productivity. Thus, with this integrated interpretation, a sophisticated as well as extensive nature can be established in the paper, which could further add value to the organizations examining disciplines with intensive perceptions. Conclusion On the completion of the report, it can be added that three articles have been conducted on different context with different perspectives. However, definitions and theories related to organizational behavior discussed in the article are similar to each other. Based on the discussion of three articles it can also be added that employee behavior or attitudes characteristically reflect the moral of the organization. For example, in the area of customer service, the organizations need happy and satisfied employees as they could represent firm to the public. Thereby, each organization should form strategies that reinforce the work environment. Reference Article 1- Shin, J., Taylor, M.S. and Seo, M.G., 2012. Resources for change: The relationships of organizational inducements and psychological resilience to employees' attitudes and behaviors toward organizational change.Academy of Management Journal,55(3), pp.727-748. Article 2- Jiang, K., Lepak, D.P., Hu, J. and Baer, J.C., 2012. How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), pp.1264-1294. Article 3- Kehoe, R.R. and Wright, P.M., 2013. The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), pp.366-391.

Flow of Theory free essay sample

Do you think an employees productivity is affected by whether they are satisfied or unsatisfied as an employee? Explain your answer. Yes, I think an employee’s productivity is affected by whether they are satisfied or unsatisfied as an employee. As employees spend most of their time at work, the employees’ identity is closely linked to their jobs. Employees have feelings; they must feel satisfied or feel that the job is treating them fairly. When they feel that they are being appreciated, they become satisfied and hence they tend to outperform unsatisfied employees in terms of labor retention, attendance and work quality. However, satisfied employees are not always more productive than unsatisfied employees. 2. In general terms, describe strategic HRM and its importance in the organization. Strategic HRM is defined as the development and implementation of human resource processes to facilitate the achievement of the organization’s strategic objectives. Strategic HRM allows an organization to make informed and purposeful actions. We will write a custom essay sample on Flow of Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of strategic HRM, the company now has a clear common vision of why an organization exists which enables better and more effective HRM decisions. HRM activities are now also able to expand awareness of possibilities, identify strength and weaknesses, reveals opportunities and points which are needed to evaluate the probable impact of internal and external forces. A strategic HRM plan which is well designed will allow the HR department to be prepared to cope with changes in external and internal environments. 3. In the past decade, there have been rapid, turbulent, and often strained developments in the relationship between employers and employees. Describe these developments and what they mean to HR managers. New trends and changes have occurred in telecommuting, outsourcing, HRM practices, family medical leave, child care, spousal relocation assistance, pay for skills, benefit cost-sharing, union-management negotiations, testing and many other HRM areas of interest. These trends arise due to the rise of new lifestyles and an aging population. Because of these reasons, HR managers need to use new and flexible approaches without jeopardizing the survival of the organization. HR managers in the current time have to cope with changes and still contribute to the organization.